// Copyright 2020-2021 the Pinniped contributors. All Rights Reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

package auth

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"html"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"net/url"
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"github.com/gorilla/securecookie"
	"github.com/ory/fosite"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authentication/authenticator"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authentication/user"
	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/fake"
	v1 "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/typed/core/v1"
	"k8s.io/utils/pointer"

	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/here"
	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/oidc"
	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/oidc/csrftoken"
	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/oidc/jwks"
	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/oidc/provider"
	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/testutil"
	"go.pinniped.dev/internal/testutil/oidctestutil"
	"go.pinniped.dev/pkg/oidcclient/nonce"
	"go.pinniped.dev/pkg/oidcclient/pkce"
)

func TestAuthorizationEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
	const (
		passwordGrantUpstreamName = "some-password-granting-oidc-idp"

		oidcUpstreamIssuer              = "https://my-upstream-issuer.com"
		oidcUpstreamSubject             = "abc123-some guid" // has a space character which should get escaped in URL
		oidcUpstreamSubjectQueryEscaped = "abc123-some+guid"
		oidcUpstreamUsername            = "test-oidc-pinniped-username"
		oidcUpstreamPassword            = "test-oidc-pinniped-password" //nolint: gosec
		oidcUpstreamUsernameClaim       = "the-user-claim"
		oidcUpstreamGroupsClaim         = "the-groups-claim"

		downstreamIssuer                       = "https://my-downstream-issuer.com/some-path"
		downstreamRedirectURI                  = "http://127.0.0.1/callback"
		downstreamRedirectURIWithDifferentPort = "http://127.0.0.1:42/callback"
		downstreamNonce                        = "some-nonce-value"
		downstreamPKCEChallenge                = "some-challenge"
		downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod          = "S256"
		happyState                             = "8b-state"
		downstreamClientID                     = "pinniped-cli"
		upstreamLDAPURL                        = "ldaps://some-ldap-host:123?base=ou%3Dusers%2Cdc%3Dpinniped%2Cdc%3Ddev"
		htmlContentType                        = "text/html; charset=utf-8"
	)

	require.Len(t, happyState, 8, "we expect fosite to allow 8 byte state params, so we want to test that boundary case")

	var (
		oidcUpstreamGroupMembership = []string{"test-pinniped-group-0", "test-pinniped-group-1"}

		fositeInvalidClientErrorBody = here.Doc(`
			{
				"error":             "invalid_client",
				"error_description": "Client authentication failed (e.g., unknown client, no client authentication included, or unsupported authentication method). The requested OAuth 2.0 Client does not exist."
			 }
		`)

		fositeInvalidRedirectURIErrorBody = here.Doc(`
			{
				"error":             "invalid_request",
				"error_description": "The request is missing a required parameter, includes an invalid parameter value, includes a parameter more than once, or is otherwise malformed. The 'redirect_uri' parameter does not match any of the OAuth 2.0 Client's pre-registered redirect urls."
			}
		`)

		fositePromptHasNoneAndOtherValueErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "invalid_request",
			"error_description": "The request is missing a required parameter, includes an invalid parameter value, includes a parameter more than once, or is otherwise malformed. Parameter 'prompt' was set to 'none', but contains other values as well which is not allowed.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeMissingCodeChallengeErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "invalid_request",
			"error_description": "The request is missing a required parameter, includes an invalid parameter value, includes a parameter more than once, or is otherwise malformed. Clients must include a code_challenge when performing the authorize code flow, but it is missing.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeMissingCodeChallengeMethodErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "invalid_request",
			"error_description": "The request is missing a required parameter, includes an invalid parameter value, includes a parameter more than once, or is otherwise malformed. Clients must use code_challenge_method=S256, plain is not allowed.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeInvalidCodeChallengeErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "invalid_request",
			"error_description": "The request is missing a required parameter, includes an invalid parameter value, includes a parameter more than once, or is otherwise malformed. The code_challenge_method is not supported, use S256 instead.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeUnsupportedResponseTypeErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "unsupported_response_type",
			"error_description": "The authorization server does not support obtaining a token using this method. The client is not allowed to request response_type 'unsupported'.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeInvalidScopeErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "invalid_scope",
			"error_description": "The requested scope is invalid, unknown, or malformed. The OAuth 2.0 Client is not allowed to request scope 'tuna'.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeInvalidStateErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "invalid_state",
			"error_description": "The state is missing or does not have enough characters and is therefore considered too weak. Request parameter 'state' must be at least be 8 characters long to ensure sufficient entropy.",
			"state":             "short",
		}

		fositeMissingResponseTypeErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "unsupported_response_type",
			"error_description": "The authorization server does not support obtaining a token using this method. `The request is missing the 'response_type' parameter.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeAccessDeniedWithBadUsernamePasswordHintErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "access_denied",
			"error_description": "The resource owner or authorization server denied the request. Username/password not accepted by LDAP provider.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}

		fositeAccessDeniedWithMissingUsernamePasswordHintErrorQuery = map[string]string{
			"error":             "access_denied",
			"error_description": "The resource owner or authorization server denied the request. Missing or blank username or password.",
			"state":             happyState,
		}
	)

	hmacSecretFunc := func() []byte { return []byte("some secret - must have at least 32 bytes") }
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, len(hmacSecretFunc()), 32, "fosite requires that hmac secrets have at least 32 bytes")
	jwksProviderIsUnused := jwks.NewDynamicJWKSProvider()
	timeoutsConfiguration := oidc.DefaultOIDCTimeoutsConfiguration()

	createOauthHelperWithRealStorage := func(secretsClient v1.SecretInterface) (fosite.OAuth2Provider, *oidc.KubeStorage) {
		// Configure fosite the same way that the production code would when using Kube storage.
		// Inject this into our test subject at the last second so we get a fresh storage for every test.
		kubeOauthStore := oidc.NewKubeStorage(secretsClient, timeoutsConfiguration)
		return oidc.FositeOauth2Helper(kubeOauthStore, downstreamIssuer, hmacSecretFunc, jwksProviderIsUnused, timeoutsConfiguration), kubeOauthStore
	}

	// Configure fosite the same way that the production code would, using NullStorage to turn off storage.
	nullOauthStore := oidc.NullStorage{}
	oauthHelperWithNullStorage := oidc.FositeOauth2Helper(nullOauthStore, downstreamIssuer, hmacSecretFunc, jwksProviderIsUnused, timeoutsConfiguration)

	upstreamAuthURL, err := url.Parse("https://some-upstream-idp:8443/auth")
	require.NoError(t, err)

	upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider := oidctestutil.NewTestUpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderBuilder().
		WithName("some-oidc-idp").
		WithClientID("some-client-id").
		WithAuthorizationURL(*upstreamAuthURL).
		WithScopes([]string{"scope1", "scope2"}). // the scopes to request when starting the upstream authorization flow
		WithAllowPasswordGrant(false).
		WithPasswordGrantError(errors.New("should not have used password grant on this instance")).
		Build()

	passwordGrantUpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderBuilder := func() *oidctestutil.TestUpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderBuilder {
		return oidctestutil.NewTestUpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderBuilder().
			WithName(passwordGrantUpstreamName).
			WithClientID("some-client-id").
			WithAuthorizationURL(*upstreamAuthURL).
			WithScopes([]string{"scope1", "scope2"}). // the scopes to request when starting the upstream authorization flow
			WithAllowPasswordGrant(false).
			WithUsernameClaim(oidcUpstreamUsernameClaim).
			WithGroupsClaim(oidcUpstreamGroupsClaim).
			WithIDTokenClaim("iss", oidcUpstreamIssuer).
			WithIDTokenClaim("sub", oidcUpstreamSubject).
			WithIDTokenClaim(oidcUpstreamUsernameClaim, oidcUpstreamUsername).
			WithIDTokenClaim(oidcUpstreamGroupsClaim, oidcUpstreamGroupMembership).
			WithIDTokenClaim("other-claim", "should be ignored").
			WithAllowPasswordGrant(true).
			WithUpstreamAuthcodeExchangeError(errors.New("should not have tried to exchange upstream authcode on this instance"))
	}

	happyLDAPUsername := "some-ldap-user"
	happyLDAPUsernameFromAuthenticator := "some-mapped-ldap-username"
	happyLDAPPassword := "some-ldap-password" //nolint:gosec
	happyLDAPUID := "some-ldap-uid"
	happyLDAPGroups := []string{"group1", "group2", "group3"}

	parsedUpstreamLDAPURL, err := url.Parse(upstreamLDAPURL)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider := oidctestutil.TestUpstreamLDAPIdentityProvider{
		Name: "some-ldap-idp",
		URL:  parsedUpstreamLDAPURL,
		AuthenticateFunc: func(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*authenticator.Response, bool, error) {
			if username == "" || password == "" {
				return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("should not have passed empty username or password to the authenticator")
			}
			if username == happyLDAPUsername && password == happyLDAPPassword {
				return &authenticator.Response{
					User: &user.DefaultInfo{
						Name:   happyLDAPUsernameFromAuthenticator,
						UID:    happyLDAPUID,
						Groups: happyLDAPGroups,
					},
				}, true, nil
			}
			return nil, false, nil
		},
	}

	erroringUpstreamLDAPIdentityProvider := oidctestutil.TestUpstreamLDAPIdentityProvider{
		Name: "some-ldap-idp",
		AuthenticateFunc: func(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*authenticator.Response, bool, error) {
			return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("some ldap upstream auth error")
		},
	}

	happyCSRF := "test-csrf"
	happyPKCE := "test-pkce"
	happyNonce := "test-nonce"
	happyCSRFGenerator := func() (csrftoken.CSRFToken, error) { return csrftoken.CSRFToken(happyCSRF), nil }
	happyPKCEGenerator := func() (pkce.Code, error) { return pkce.Code(happyPKCE), nil }
	happyNonceGenerator := func() (nonce.Nonce, error) { return nonce.Nonce(happyNonce), nil }
	sadCSRFGenerator := func() (csrftoken.CSRFToken, error) { return "", fmt.Errorf("some csrf generator error") }
	sadPKCEGenerator := func() (pkce.Code, error) { return "", fmt.Errorf("some PKCE generator error") }
	sadNonceGenerator := func() (nonce.Nonce, error) { return "", fmt.Errorf("some nonce generator error") }

	// This is the PKCE challenge which is calculated as base64(sha256("test-pkce")). For example:
	// $ echo -n test-pkce | shasum -a 256 | cut -d" " -f1 | xxd -r -p | base64 | cut -d"=" -f1
	expectedUpstreamCodeChallenge := "VVaezYqum7reIhoavCHD1n2d-piN3r_mywoYj7fCR7g"

	var stateEncoderHashKey = []byte("fake-hash-secret")
	var stateEncoderBlockKey = []byte("0123456789ABCDEF") // block encryption requires 16/24/32 bytes for AES
	var cookieEncoderHashKey = []byte("fake-hash-secret2")
	var cookieEncoderBlockKey = []byte("0123456789ABCDE2") // block encryption requires 16/24/32 bytes for AES
	require.NotEqual(t, stateEncoderHashKey, cookieEncoderHashKey)
	require.NotEqual(t, stateEncoderBlockKey, cookieEncoderBlockKey)

	var happyStateEncoder = securecookie.New(stateEncoderHashKey, stateEncoderBlockKey)
	happyStateEncoder.SetSerializer(securecookie.JSONEncoder{})
	var happyCookieEncoder = securecookie.New(cookieEncoderHashKey, cookieEncoderBlockKey)
	happyCookieEncoder.SetSerializer(securecookie.JSONEncoder{})

	encodeQuery := func(query map[string]string) string {
		values := url.Values{}
		for k, v := range query {
			values[k] = []string{v}
		}
		return values.Encode()
	}

	pathWithQuery := func(path string, query map[string]string) string {
		pathToReturn := fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", path, encodeQuery(query))
		require.NotRegexp(t, "^http", pathToReturn, "pathWithQuery helper was used to create a URL")
		return pathToReturn
	}

	urlWithQuery := func(baseURL string, query map[string]string) string {
		urlToReturn := fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", baseURL, encodeQuery(query))
		_, err := url.Parse(urlToReturn)
		require.NoError(t, err, "urlWithQuery helper was used to create an illegal URL")
		return urlToReturn
	}

	happyDownstreamScopesRequested := []string{"openid", "profile", "email"}
	happyDownstreamScopesGranted := []string{"openid"}

	happyGetRequestQueryMap := map[string]string{
		"response_type":         "code",
		"scope":                 strings.Join(happyDownstreamScopesRequested, " "),
		"client_id":             downstreamClientID,
		"state":                 happyState,
		"nonce":                 downstreamNonce,
		"code_challenge":        downstreamPKCEChallenge,
		"code_challenge_method": downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
		"redirect_uri":          downstreamRedirectURI,
	}

	happyGetRequestPath := pathWithQuery("/some/path", happyGetRequestQueryMap)

	modifiedHappyGetRequestQueryMap := func(queryOverrides map[string]string) map[string]string {
		copyOfHappyGetRequestQueryMap := map[string]string{}
		for k, v := range happyGetRequestQueryMap {
			copyOfHappyGetRequestQueryMap[k] = v
		}
		for k, v := range queryOverrides {
			_, hasKey := copyOfHappyGetRequestQueryMap[k]
			if v == "" && hasKey {
				delete(copyOfHappyGetRequestQueryMap, k)
			} else {
				copyOfHappyGetRequestQueryMap[k] = v
			}
		}
		return copyOfHappyGetRequestQueryMap
	}

	modifiedHappyGetRequestPath := func(queryOverrides map[string]string) string {
		return pathWithQuery("/some/path", modifiedHappyGetRequestQueryMap(queryOverrides))
	}

	expectedUpstreamStateParam := func(queryOverrides map[string]string, csrfValueOverride, upstreamNameOverride string) string {
		csrf := happyCSRF
		if csrfValueOverride != "" {
			csrf = csrfValueOverride
		}
		upstreamName := upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider.Name
		if upstreamNameOverride != "" {
			upstreamName = upstreamNameOverride
		}
		encoded, err := happyStateEncoder.Encode("s",
			oidctestutil.ExpectedUpstreamStateParamFormat{
				P: encodeQuery(modifiedHappyGetRequestQueryMap(queryOverrides)),
				U: upstreamName,
				N: happyNonce,
				C: csrf,
				K: happyPKCE,
				V: "1",
			},
		)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		return encoded
	}

	expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC := func(expectedUpstreamState string, expectedPrompt string) string {
		query := map[string]string{
			"response_type":         "code",
			"access_type":           "offline",
			"scope":                 "scope1 scope2",
			"client_id":             "some-client-id",
			"state":                 expectedUpstreamState,
			"nonce":                 happyNonce,
			"code_challenge":        expectedUpstreamCodeChallenge,
			"code_challenge_method": downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
			"redirect_uri":          downstreamIssuer + "/callback",
		}
		if expectedPrompt != "" {
			query["prompt"] = expectedPrompt
		}
		return urlWithQuery(upstreamAuthURL.String(), query)
	}

	// Note that fosite puts the granted scopes as a param in the redirect URI even though the spec doesn't seem to require it
	happyAuthcodeDownstreamRedirectLocationRegexp := downstreamRedirectURI + `\?code=([^&]+)&scope=openid&state=` + happyState

	incomingCookieCSRFValue := "csrf-value-from-cookie"
	encodedIncomingCookieCSRFValue, err := happyCookieEncoder.Encode("csrf", incomingCookieCSRFValue)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	type testCase struct {
		name string

		idps                 *oidctestutil.UpstreamIDPListerBuilder
		generateCSRF         func() (csrftoken.CSRFToken, error)
		generatePKCE         func() (pkce.Code, error)
		generateNonce        func() (nonce.Nonce, error)
		stateEncoder         oidc.Codec
		cookieEncoder        oidc.Codec
		method               string
		path                 string
		contentType          string
		body                 string
		csrfCookie           string
		customUsernameHeader *string // nil means do not send header, empty means send header with empty value
		customPasswordHeader *string // nil means do not send header, empty means send header with empty value

		wantStatus                             int
		wantContentType                        string
		wantBodyString                         string
		wantBodyJSON                           string
		wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader            string
		wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref       bool
		wantLocationHeader                     string
		wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader bool

		// Assertions for when an authcode should be returned, i.e. the request was authenticated by an
		// upstream LDAP provider or an upstream OIDC password grant flow.
		wantRedirectLocationRegexp        string
		wantDownstreamRedirectURI         string
		wantDownstreamGrantedScopes       []string
		wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject      string
		wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername     string
		wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups       []string
		wantDownstreamRequestedScopes     []string
		wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge       string
		wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod string
		wantDownstreamNonce               string
		wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords      int
		wantPasswordGrantCall             *expectedPasswordGrant
	}
	tests := []testCase{
		{
			name:                                   "OIDC upstream browser flow happy path using GET without a CSRF cookie",
			idps:                                   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:                           happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:                           happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:                          happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:                           happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:                          happyCookieEncoder,
			method:                                 http.MethodGet,
			path:                                   happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:                             http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                        htmlContentType,
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader:            happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader:                     expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(nil, "", ""), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
		},
		{
			name:                 "OIDC upstream password grant happy path using GET",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(passwordGrantUpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderBuilder().Build()),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(oidcUpstreamUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(oidcUpstreamPassword),
			wantPasswordGrantCall: &expectedPasswordGrant{
				performedByUpstreamName: passwordGrantUpstreamName,
				args: &oidctestutil.PasswordCredentialsGrantAndValidateTokensArgs{
					Username: oidcUpstreamUsername,
					Password: oidcUpstreamPassword,
				}},
			wantStatus:                        http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                   htmlContentType,
			wantRedirectLocationRegexp:        happyAuthcodeDownstreamRedirectLocationRegexp,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject:      oidcUpstreamIssuer + "?sub=" + oidcUpstreamSubjectQueryEscaped,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername:     oidcUpstreamUsername,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups:       oidcUpstreamGroupMembership,
			wantDownstreamRequestedScopes:     happyDownstreamScopesRequested,
			wantDownstreamRedirectURI:         downstreamRedirectURI,
			wantDownstreamGrantedScopes:       happyDownstreamScopesGranted,
			wantDownstreamNonce:               downstreamNonce,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge:       downstreamPKCEChallenge,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod: downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
		},
		{
			name:                              "LDAP upstream happy path using GET",
			idps:                              oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                            http.MethodGet,
			path:                              happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                        http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                   htmlContentType,
			wantRedirectLocationRegexp:        happyAuthcodeDownstreamRedirectLocationRegexp,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject:      upstreamLDAPURL + "&sub=" + happyLDAPUID,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername:     happyLDAPUsernameFromAuthenticator,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups:       happyLDAPGroups,
			wantDownstreamRequestedScopes:     happyDownstreamScopesRequested,
			wantDownstreamRedirectURI:         downstreamRedirectURI,
			wantDownstreamGrantedScopes:       happyDownstreamScopesGranted,
			wantDownstreamNonce:               downstreamNonce,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge:       downstreamPKCEChallenge,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod: downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
		},
		{
			name:                                   "OIDC upstream happy path using GET with a CSRF cookie",
			idps:                                   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:                           happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:                           happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:                          happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:                           happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:                          happyCookieEncoder,
			method:                                 http.MethodGet,
			path:                                   happyGetRequestPath,
			csrfCookie:                             "__Host-pinniped-csrf=" + encodedIncomingCookieCSRFValue + " ",
			wantStatus:                             http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                        htmlContentType,
			wantLocationHeader:                     expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(nil, incomingCookieCSRFValue, ""), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
		},
		{
			name:                                   "OIDC upstream happy path using POST",
			idps:                                   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:                           happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:                           happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:                          happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:                           happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:                          happyCookieEncoder,
			method:                                 http.MethodPost,
			path:                                   "/some/path",
			contentType:                            "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
			body:                                   encodeQuery(happyGetRequestQueryMap),
			wantStatus:                             http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                        "",
			wantBodyString:                         "",
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader:            happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader:                     expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(nil, "", ""), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
		},
		{
			name:                              "LDAP upstream happy path using POST",
			idps:                              oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                            http.MethodPost,
			path:                              "/some/path",
			contentType:                       "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
			body:                              encodeQuery(happyGetRequestQueryMap),
			customUsernameHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                        http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                   htmlContentType,
			wantRedirectLocationRegexp:        happyAuthcodeDownstreamRedirectLocationRegexp,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject:      upstreamLDAPURL + "&sub=" + happyLDAPUID,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername:     happyLDAPUsernameFromAuthenticator,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups:       happyLDAPGroups,
			wantDownstreamRequestedScopes:     happyDownstreamScopesRequested,
			wantDownstreamRedirectURI:         downstreamRedirectURI,
			wantDownstreamGrantedScopes:       happyDownstreamScopesGranted,
			wantDownstreamNonce:               downstreamNonce,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge:       downstreamPKCEChallenge,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod: downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
		},
		{
			name:                                   "OIDC upstream happy path with prompt param login passed through to redirect uri",
			idps:                                   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:                           happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:                           happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:                          happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:                           happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:                          happyCookieEncoder,
			method:                                 http.MethodGet,
			path:                                   modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"prompt": "login"}),
			contentType:                            "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
			body:                                   encodeQuery(happyGetRequestQueryMap),
			wantStatus:                             http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                        htmlContentType,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader:            happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader:                     expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(map[string]string{"prompt": "login"}, "", ""), "login"),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
		},
		{
			name:            "OIDC upstream with error while decoding CSRF cookie just generates a new cookie and succeeds as usual",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			csrfCookie:      "__Host-pinniped-csrf=this-value-was-not-signed-by-pinniped",
			wantStatus:      http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType: htmlContentType,
			// Generated a new CSRF cookie and set it in the response.
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader:            happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader:                     expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(nil, "", ""), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
		},
		{
			name:          "OIDC upstream happy path when downstream redirect uri matches what is configured for client except for the port number",
			idps:          oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:  happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:  happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce: happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:  happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder: happyCookieEncoder,
			method:        http.MethodGet,
			path: modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{
				"redirect_uri": downstreamRedirectURIWithDifferentPort, // not the same port number that is registered for the client
			}),
			wantStatus:                  http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:             htmlContentType,
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader: happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader: expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(map[string]string{
				"redirect_uri": downstreamRedirectURIWithDifferentPort, // not the same port number that is registered for the client
			}, "", ""), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
		},
		{
			name:   "LDAP upstream happy path when downstream redirect uri matches what is configured for client except for the port number",
			idps:   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method: http.MethodGet,
			path: modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{
				"redirect_uri": downstreamRedirectURIWithDifferentPort, // not the same port number that is registered for the client
			}),
			customUsernameHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                        http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                   htmlContentType,
			wantRedirectLocationRegexp:        downstreamRedirectURIWithDifferentPort + `\?code=([^&]+)&scope=openid&state=` + happyState,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject:      upstreamLDAPURL + "&sub=" + happyLDAPUID,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername:     happyLDAPUsernameFromAuthenticator,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups:       happyLDAPGroups,
			wantDownstreamRequestedScopes:     happyDownstreamScopesRequested,
			wantDownstreamRedirectURI:         downstreamRedirectURIWithDifferentPort,
			wantDownstreamGrantedScopes:       happyDownstreamScopesGranted,
			wantDownstreamNonce:               downstreamNonce,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge:       downstreamPKCEChallenge,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod: downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
		},
		{
			name:                        "OIDC upstream happy path when downstream requested scopes include offline_access",
			idps:                        oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:                happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:                happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:               happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:                happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:               happyCookieEncoder,
			method:                      http.MethodGet,
			path:                        modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"scope": "openid offline_access"}),
			wantStatus:                  http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:             htmlContentType,
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader: happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader: expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(map[string]string{
				"scope": "openid offline_access",
			}, "", ""), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
		},
		{
			name:                 "error during upstream LDAP authentication",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&erroringUpstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusBadGateway,
			wantContentType:      htmlContentType,
			wantBodyString:       "Bad Gateway: unexpected error during upstream authentication\n",
		},
		{
			name:                 "wrong upstream password for LDAP authentication",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr("wrong-password"),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:   urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeAccessDeniedWithBadUsernamePasswordHintErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:       "",
		},
		{
			name:                 "wrong upstream username for LDAP authentication",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr("wrong-username"),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:   urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeAccessDeniedWithBadUsernamePasswordHintErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:       "",
		},
		{
			name:                 "missing upstream username on request for LDAP authentication",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader: nil, // do not send header
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:   urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeAccessDeniedWithMissingUsernamePasswordHintErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:       "",
		},
		{
			name:                 "missing upstream password on request for LDAP authentication",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 happyGetRequestPath,
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: nil, // do not send header
			wantStatus:           http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:   urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeAccessDeniedWithMissingUsernamePasswordHintErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:       "",
		},
		{
			name:          "downstream redirect uri does not match what is configured for client when using OIDC upstream",
			idps:          oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:  happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:  happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce: happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:  happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder: happyCookieEncoder,
			method:        http.MethodGet,
			path: modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{
				"redirect_uri": "http://127.0.0.1/does-not-match-what-is-configured-for-pinniped-cli-client",
			}),
			wantStatus:      http.StatusBadRequest,
			wantContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyJSON:    fositeInvalidRedirectURIErrorBody,
		},
		{
			name:   "downstream redirect uri does not match what is configured for client when using LDAP upstream",
			idps:   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method: http.MethodGet,
			path: modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{
				"redirect_uri": "http://127.0.0.1/does-not-match-what-is-configured-for-pinniped-cli-client",
			}),
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusBadRequest,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyJSON:         fositeInvalidRedirectURIErrorBody,
		},
		{
			name:            "downstream client does not exist when using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"client_id": "invalid-client"}),
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnauthorized,
			wantContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyJSON:    fositeInvalidClientErrorBody,
		},
		{
			name:            "downstream client does not exist when using LDAP upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"client_id": "invalid-client"}),
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnauthorized,
			wantContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyJSON:    fositeInvalidClientErrorBody,
		},
		{
			name:               "response type is unsupported when using OIDC upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"response_type": "unsupported"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeUnsupportedResponseTypeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:               "response type is unsupported when using LDAP upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"response_type": "unsupported"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeUnsupportedResponseTypeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:               "downstream scopes do not match what is configured for client using OIDC upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"scope": "openid profile email tuna"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeInvalidScopeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:                 "downstream scopes do not match what is configured for client using LDAP upstream",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"scope": "openid tuna"}),
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:   urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeInvalidScopeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:       "",
		},
		{
			name:               "missing response type in request using OIDC upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"response_type": ""}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingResponseTypeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:               "missing response type in request using LDAP upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"response_type": ""}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingResponseTypeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:            "missing client id in request using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"client_id": ""}),
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnauthorized,
			wantContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyJSON:    fositeInvalidClientErrorBody,
		},
		{
			name:            "missing client id in request using LDAP upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"client_id": ""}),
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnauthorized,
			wantContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyJSON:    fositeInvalidClientErrorBody,
		},
		{
			name:               "missing PKCE code_challenge in request using OIDC upstream", // See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.4.1
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge": ""}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingCodeChallengeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:                         "missing PKCE code_challenge in request using LDAP upstream", // See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.4.1
			idps:                         oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                       http.MethodGet,
			path:                         modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge": ""}),
			customUsernameHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                   http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:              "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:           urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingCodeChallengeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:               "",
			wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords: 2, // fosite already stored the authcode and oidc session before it noticed the error
		},
		{
			name:               "invalid value for PKCE code_challenge_method in request using OIDC upstream", // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.3
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge_method": "this-is-not-a-valid-pkce-alg"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeInvalidCodeChallengeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:                         "invalid value for PKCE code_challenge_method in request using LDAP upstream", // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.3
			idps:                         oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                       http.MethodGet,
			path:                         modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge_method": "this-is-not-a-valid-pkce-alg"}),
			customUsernameHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                   http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:              "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:           urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeInvalidCodeChallengeErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:               "",
			wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords: 2, // fosite already stored the authcode and oidc session before it noticed the error
		},
		{
			name:               "when PKCE code_challenge_method in request is `plain` using OIDC upstream", // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.3
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge_method": "plain"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingCodeChallengeMethodErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:                         "when PKCE code_challenge_method in request is `plain` using LDAP upstream", // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.3
			idps:                         oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                       http.MethodGet,
			path:                         modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge_method": "plain"}),
			customUsernameHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                   http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:              "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:           urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingCodeChallengeMethodErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:               "",
			wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords: 2, // fosite already stored the authcode and oidc session before it noticed the error
		},
		{
			name:               "missing PKCE code_challenge_method in request using OIDC upstream", // See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.4.1
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge_method": ""}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingCodeChallengeMethodErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:                         "missing PKCE code_challenge_method in request using LDAP upstream", // See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-4.4.1
			idps:                         oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                       http.MethodGet,
			path:                         modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"code_challenge_method": ""}),
			customUsernameHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                   http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:              "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:           urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeMissingCodeChallengeMethodErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:               "",
			wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords: 2, // fosite already stored the authcode and oidc session before it noticed the error
		},
		{
			// This is just one of the many OIDC validations run by fosite. This test is to ensure that we are running
			// through that part of the fosite library when using an OIDC upstream.
			name:               "prompt param is not allowed to have none and another legal value at the same time using OIDC upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"prompt": "none login"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositePromptHasNoneAndOtherValueErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			// This is just one of the many OIDC validations run by fosite. This test is to ensure that we are running
			// through that part of the fosite library when using an LDAP upstream.
			name:                         "prompt param is not allowed to have none and another legal value at the same time using LDAP upstream",
			idps:                         oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:                       http.MethodGet,
			path:                         modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"prompt": "none login"}),
			customUsernameHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:         pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                   http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:              "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:           urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositePromptHasNoneAndOtherValueErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:               "",
			wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords: 1, // fosite already stored the authcode before it noticed the error
		},
		{
			name:          "happy path: downstream OIDC validations are skipped when the openid scope was not requested using OIDC upstream",
			idps:          oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:  happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:  happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce: happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:  happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder: happyCookieEncoder,
			method:        http.MethodGet,
			// The following prompt value is illegal when openid is requested, but note that openid is not requested.
			path:                        modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"prompt": "none login", "scope": "email"}),
			wantStatus:                  http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:             htmlContentType,
			wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader: happyCSRF,
			wantLocationHeader: expectedRedirectLocationForUpstreamOIDC(expectedUpstreamStateParam(
				map[string]string{"prompt": "none login", "scope": "email"}, "", "",
			), ""),
			wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader: true,
			wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:       true,
		},
		{
			name:   "happy path: downstream OIDC validations are skipped when the openid scope was not requested using LDAP upstream",
			idps:   oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method: http.MethodGet,
			// The following prompt value is illegal when openid is requested, but note that openid is not requested.
			path:                              modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"prompt": "none login", "scope": "email"}),
			customUsernameHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader:              pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:                        http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:                   htmlContentType,
			wantRedirectLocationRegexp:        downstreamRedirectURI + `\?code=([^&]+)&scope=&state=` + happyState, // no scopes granted
			wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject:      upstreamLDAPURL + "&sub=" + happyLDAPUID,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername:     happyLDAPUsernameFromAuthenticator,
			wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups:       happyLDAPGroups,
			wantDownstreamRequestedScopes:     []string{"email"}, // only email was requested
			wantDownstreamRedirectURI:         downstreamRedirectURI,
			wantDownstreamGrantedScopes:       []string{}, // no scopes granted
			wantDownstreamNonce:               downstreamNonce,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge:       downstreamPKCEChallenge,
			wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod: downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
		},
		{
			name:               "downstream state does not have enough entropy using OIDC upstream",
			idps:               oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:       happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:       happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:      happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:       happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:      happyCookieEncoder,
			method:             http.MethodGet,
			path:               modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"state": "short"}),
			wantStatus:         http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:    "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader: urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeInvalidStateErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:     "",
		},
		{
			name:                 "downstream state does not have enough entropy using LDAP upstream",
			idps:                 oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider),
			method:               http.MethodGet,
			path:                 modifiedHappyGetRequestPath(map[string]string{"state": "short"}),
			customUsernameHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPUsername),
			customPasswordHeader: pointer.StringPtr(happyLDAPPassword),
			wantStatus:           http.StatusFound,
			wantContentType:      "application/json; charset=utf-8",
			wantLocationHeader:   urlWithQuery(downstreamRedirectURI, fositeInvalidStateErrorQuery),
			wantBodyString:       "",
		},
		{
			name:            "error while encoding upstream state param using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    &errorReturningEncoder{},
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusInternalServerError,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Internal Server Error: error encoding upstream state param\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "error while encoding CSRF cookie value for new cookie using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   &errorReturningEncoder{},
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusInternalServerError,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Internal Server Error: error encoding CSRF cookie\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "error while generating CSRF token using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    sadCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusInternalServerError,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Internal Server Error: error generating CSRF token\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "error while generating nonce using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    happyPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   sadNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusInternalServerError,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Internal Server Error: error generating nonce param\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "error while generating PKCE using OIDC upstream",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			generateCSRF:    happyCSRFGenerator,
			generatePKCE:    sadPKCEGenerator,
			generateNonce:   happyNonceGenerator,
			stateEncoder:    happyStateEncoder,
			cookieEncoder:   happyCookieEncoder,
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusInternalServerError,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Internal Server Error: error generating PKCE param\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "no upstream providers are configured",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(), // empty
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnprocessableEntity,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Unprocessable Entity: No upstream providers are configured\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "too many upstream providers are configured: multiple OIDC",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider, upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider), // more than one not allowed
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnprocessableEntity,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Unprocessable Entity: Too many upstream providers are configured (support for multiple upstreams is not yet implemented)\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "too many upstream providers are configured: multiple LDAP",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider, &upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider), // more than one not allowed
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnprocessableEntity,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Unprocessable Entity: Too many upstream providers are configured (support for multiple upstreams is not yet implemented)\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "too many upstream providers are configured: both OIDC and LDAP",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider).WithLDAP(&upstreamLDAPIdentityProvider), // more than one not allowed
			method:          http.MethodGet,
			path:            happyGetRequestPath,
			wantStatus:      http.StatusUnprocessableEntity,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Unprocessable Entity: Too many upstream providers are configured (support for multiple upstreams is not yet implemented)\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "PUT is a bad method",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			method:          http.MethodPut,
			path:            "/some/path",
			wantStatus:      http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Method Not Allowed: PUT (try GET or POST)\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "PATCH is a bad method",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			method:          http.MethodPatch,
			path:            "/some/path",
			wantStatus:      http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Method Not Allowed: PATCH (try GET or POST)\n",
		},
		{
			name:            "DELETE is a bad method",
			idps:            oidctestutil.NewUpstreamIDPListerBuilder().WithOIDC(upstreamOIDCIdentityProvider),
			method:          http.MethodDelete,
			path:            "/some/path",
			wantStatus:      http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
			wantContentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8",
			wantBodyString:  "Method Not Allowed: DELETE (try GET or POST)\n",
		},
	}

	runOneTestCase := func(t *testing.T, test testCase, subject http.Handler, kubeOauthStore *oidc.KubeStorage, kubeClient *fake.Clientset, secretsClient v1.SecretInterface) {
		reqContext := context.WithValue(context.Background(), struct{ name string }{name: "test"}, "request-context")
		req := httptest.NewRequest(test.method, test.path, strings.NewReader(test.body)).WithContext(reqContext)
		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", test.contentType)
		if test.csrfCookie != "" {
			req.Header.Set("Cookie", test.csrfCookie)
		}
		if test.customUsernameHeader != nil {
			req.Header.Set("Pinniped-Username", *test.customUsernameHeader)
		}
		if test.customPasswordHeader != nil {
			req.Header.Set("Pinniped-Password", *test.customPasswordHeader)
		}
		rsp := httptest.NewRecorder()
		subject.ServeHTTP(rsp, req)
		t.Logf("response: %#v", rsp)
		t.Logf("response body: %q", rsp.Body.String())

		require.Equal(t, test.wantStatus, rsp.Code)
		testutil.RequireEqualContentType(t, rsp.Header().Get("Content-Type"), test.wantContentType)
		testutil.RequireSecurityHeaders(t, rsp)

		if test.wantPasswordGrantCall != nil {
			test.wantPasswordGrantCall.args.Ctx = reqContext
			test.idps.RequireExactlyOneCallToPasswordCredentialsGrantAndValidateTokens(t,
				test.wantPasswordGrantCall.performedByUpstreamName, test.wantPasswordGrantCall.args,
			)
		} else {
			test.idps.RequireExactlyZeroCallsToPasswordCredentialsGrantAndValidateTokens(t)
		}

		actualLocation := rsp.Header().Get("Location")
		switch {
		case test.wantLocationHeader != "":
			if test.wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader {
				requireEqualDecodedStateParams(t, actualLocation, test.wantLocationHeader, test.stateEncoder)
			}
			// The upstream state param is encoded using a timestamp at the beginning so we don't want to
			// compare those states since they may be different, but we do want to compare the downstream
			// state param that should be exactly the same.
			requireEqualURLs(t, actualLocation, test.wantLocationHeader, test.wantUpstreamStateParamInLocationHeader)

			// Authorization requests for either a successful OIDC upstream or for an error with any upstream
			// should never use Kube storage. There is only one exception to this rule, which is that certain
			// OIDC validations are checked in fosite after the OAuth authcode (and sometimes the OIDC session)
			// is stored, so it is possible with an LDAP upstream to store objects and then return an error to
			// the client anyway (which makes the stored objects useless, but oh well).
			require.Len(t, kubeClient.Actions(), test.wantUnnecessaryStoredRecords)
		case test.wantRedirectLocationRegexp != "":
			require.Len(t, rsp.Header().Values("Location"), 1)
			oidctestutil.RequireAuthCodeRegexpMatch(
				t,
				rsp.Header().Get("Location"),
				test.wantRedirectLocationRegexp,
				kubeClient,
				secretsClient,
				kubeOauthStore,
				test.wantDownstreamGrantedScopes,
				test.wantDownstreamIDTokenSubject,
				test.wantDownstreamIDTokenUsername,
				test.wantDownstreamIDTokenGroups,
				test.wantDownstreamRequestedScopes,
				test.wantDownstreamPKCEChallenge,
				test.wantDownstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
				test.wantDownstreamNonce,
				downstreamClientID,
				test.wantDownstreamRedirectURI,
			)
		default:
			require.Empty(t, rsp.Header().Values("Location"))
		}

		switch {
		case test.wantBodyJSON != "":
			require.JSONEq(t, test.wantBodyJSON, rsp.Body.String())
		case test.wantBodyStringWithLocationInHref:
			anchorTagWithLocationHref := fmt.Sprintf("<a href=\"%s\">Found</a>.\n\n", html.EscapeString(actualLocation))
			require.Equal(t, anchorTagWithLocationHref, rsp.Body.String())
		default:
			require.Equal(t, test.wantBodyString, rsp.Body.String())
		}

		if test.wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader != "" {
			require.Len(t, rsp.Header().Values("Set-Cookie"), 1)
			actualCookie := rsp.Header().Get("Set-Cookie")
			regex := regexp.MustCompile("__Host-pinniped-csrf=([^;]+); Path=/; HttpOnly; Secure; SameSite=Lax")
			submatches := regex.FindStringSubmatch(actualCookie)
			require.Len(t, submatches, 2)
			captured := submatches[1]
			var decodedCSRFCookieValue string
			err := test.cookieEncoder.Decode("csrf", captured, &decodedCSRFCookieValue)
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.Equal(t, test.wantCSRFValueInCookieHeader, decodedCSRFCookieValue)
		} else {
			require.Empty(t, rsp.Header().Values("Set-Cookie"))
		}
	}

	for _, test := range tests {
		test := test
		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			kubeClient := fake.NewSimpleClientset()
			secretsClient := kubeClient.CoreV1().Secrets("some-namespace")
			oauthHelperWithRealStorage, kubeOauthStore := createOauthHelperWithRealStorage(secretsClient)
			subject := NewHandler(
				downstreamIssuer,
				test.idps.Build(),
				oauthHelperWithNullStorage, oauthHelperWithRealStorage,
				test.generateCSRF, test.generatePKCE, test.generateNonce,
				test.stateEncoder, test.cookieEncoder,
			)
			runOneTestCase(t, test, subject, kubeOauthStore, kubeClient, secretsClient)
		})
	}

	t.Run("allows upstream provider configuration to change between requests", func(t *testing.T) {
		test := tests[0]
		// Double-check that we are re-using the happy path test case here as we intend.
		require.Equal(t, "OIDC upstream browser flow happy path using GET without a CSRF cookie", test.name)

		kubeClient := fake.NewSimpleClientset()
		secretsClient := kubeClient.CoreV1().Secrets("some-namespace")
		oauthHelperWithRealStorage, kubeOauthStore := createOauthHelperWithRealStorage(secretsClient)
		idpLister := test.idps.Build()
		subject := NewHandler(
			downstreamIssuer,
			idpLister,
			oauthHelperWithNullStorage, oauthHelperWithRealStorage,
			test.generateCSRF, test.generatePKCE, test.generateNonce,
			test.stateEncoder, test.cookieEncoder,
		)

		runOneTestCase(t, test, subject, kubeOauthStore, kubeClient, secretsClient)

		// Call the idpLister's setter to change the upstream IDP settings.
		newProviderSettings := oidctestutil.NewTestUpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderBuilder().
			WithName("some-other-new-idp-name").
			WithClientID("some-other-new-client-id").
			WithAuthorizationURL(*upstreamAuthURL).
			WithScopes([]string{"some-other-new-scope1", "some-other-new-scope2"}).
			Build()
		idpLister.SetOIDCIdentityProviders([]provider.UpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderI{provider.UpstreamOIDCIdentityProviderI(newProviderSettings)})

		// Update the expectations of the test case to match the new upstream IDP settings.
		test.wantLocationHeader = urlWithQuery(upstreamAuthURL.String(),
			map[string]string{
				"response_type": "code",
				"access_type":   "offline",
				"scope":         "some-other-new-scope1 some-other-new-scope2", // updated expectation
				"client_id":     "some-other-new-client-id",                    // updated expectation
				"state": expectedUpstreamStateParam(
					nil, "", "some-other-new-idp-name",
				), // updated expectation
				"nonce":                 happyNonce,
				"code_challenge":        expectedUpstreamCodeChallenge,
				"code_challenge_method": downstreamPKCEChallengeMethod,
				"redirect_uri":          downstreamIssuer + "/callback",
			},
		)
		test.wantBodyString = fmt.Sprintf(`<a href="%s">Found</a>.%s`,
			html.EscapeString(test.wantLocationHeader),
			"\n\n",
		)

		// Run again on the same instance of the subject with the modified upstream IDP settings and the
		// modified expectations. This should ensure that the implementation is using the in-memory cache
		// of upstream IDP settings appropriately in terms of always getting the values from the cache
		// on every request.
		runOneTestCase(t, test, subject, kubeOauthStore, kubeClient, secretsClient)
	})
}

type errorReturningEncoder struct {
	oidc.Codec
}

func (*errorReturningEncoder) Encode(_ string, _ interface{}) (string, error) {
	return "", fmt.Errorf("some encoding error")
}

type expectedPasswordGrant struct {
	performedByUpstreamName string
	args                    *oidctestutil.PasswordCredentialsGrantAndValidateTokensArgs
}

func requireEqualDecodedStateParams(t *testing.T, actualURL string, expectedURL string, stateParamDecoder oidc.Codec) {
	t.Helper()
	actualLocationURL, err := url.Parse(actualURL)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	expectedLocationURL, err := url.Parse(expectedURL)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	expectedQueryStateParam := expectedLocationURL.Query().Get("state")
	require.NotEmpty(t, expectedQueryStateParam)
	var expectedDecodedStateParam oidctestutil.ExpectedUpstreamStateParamFormat
	err = stateParamDecoder.Decode("s", expectedQueryStateParam, &expectedDecodedStateParam)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	actualQueryStateParam := actualLocationURL.Query().Get("state")
	require.NotEmpty(t, actualQueryStateParam)
	var actualDecodedStateParam oidctestutil.ExpectedUpstreamStateParamFormat
	err = stateParamDecoder.Decode("s", actualQueryStateParam, &actualDecodedStateParam)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	require.Equal(t, expectedDecodedStateParam, actualDecodedStateParam)
}

func requireEqualURLs(t *testing.T, actualURL string, expectedURL string, ignoreState bool) {
	t.Helper()
	actualLocationURL, err := url.Parse(actualURL)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	expectedLocationURL, err := url.Parse(expectedURL)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, expectedLocationURL.Scheme, actualLocationURL.Scheme,
		"schemes were not equal: expected %s but got %s", expectedURL, actualURL,
	)
	require.Equal(t, expectedLocationURL.User, actualLocationURL.User,
		"users were not equal: expected %s but got %s", expectedURL, actualURL,
	)

	require.Equal(t, expectedLocationURL.Host, actualLocationURL.Host,
		"hosts were not equal: expected %s but got %s", expectedURL, actualURL,
	)

	require.Equal(t, expectedLocationURL.Path, actualLocationURL.Path,
		"paths were not equal: expected %s but got %s", expectedURL, actualURL,
	)

	expectedLocationQuery := expectedLocationURL.Query()
	actualLocationQuery := actualLocationURL.Query()
	// Let the caller ignore the state, since it may contain a digest at the end that is difficult to
	// predict because it depends on a time.Now() timestamp.
	if ignoreState {
		expectedLocationQuery.Del("state")
		actualLocationQuery.Del("state")
	}
	require.Equal(t, expectedLocationQuery, actualLocationQuery)
}