TestAgentController really runs the controller and evaluates multiple
calls to the controller's Sync with real informers caching updates.
There is a large amount of non-determinism in this unit test, and it
does not always behave the same way. Because it makes assertions about
the specific errors that should be returned by Sync, it was not
accounting for some errors that are only returned by Sync once in a
while depending on the exact (unpredictable) order of operations.
This commit doesn't fix the non-determinism in the test, but rather
tries to work around it by also allowing other (undesired but
inevitable) error messages to appear in the list of actual error
messages returned by the calls to the Sync function.
Signed-off-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
This is a new pacakge internal/oidc/provider/formposthtml containing a number of static files embedded using the relatively recent Go "//go:embed" functionality introduced in Go 1.16 (https://blog.golang.org/go1.16).
The Javascript and CSS files are minifiied and injected to make a single self-contained HTML response. There is a special Content-Security-Policy helper to calculate hash-based script-src and style-src rules.
This new code is covered by a new integration test that exercises the JS/HTML functionality in a real browser outside of the rest of the Supervisor.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
Our Supervisor callback handler now needs to load JS and CSS from the provider endpoint, and this JS needs to make a `fetch()` call across origins (to post the form to the CLI callback). This requires a custom Content-Security-Policy compared to other pages we render.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
After noticing that the upstream OIDC discovery calls can hang
indefinitely, I had tried to impose a one minute timeout on them
by giving them a timeout context. However, I hadn't noticed that the
context also gets passed into the JWKS fetching object, which gets
added to our cache and used later. Therefore the timeout context
was added to the cache and timed out while sitting in the cache,
causing later JWKS fetchers to fail.
This commit is trying again to impose a reasonable timeout on these
discovery and JWKS calls, but this time by using http.Client's Timeout
field, which is documented to be a timeout for *each* request/response
cycle, so hopefully this is a more appropriate way to impose a timeout
for this use case. The http.Client instance ends up in the cache on
the JWKS fetcher object, so the timeout should apply to each JWKS
request as well.
Requests that can hang forever are effectively a server-side resource
leak, which could theoretically be taken advantage of in a denial of
service attempt, so it would be nice to avoid having them.
- Add new optional ytt params for the Supervisor deployment.
- When the Supervisor is making calls to an upstream OIDC provider,
use these variables if they were provided.
- These settings are integration tested in the main CI pipeline by
sometimes setting them on deployments in certain cases, and then
letting the existing integration tests (e.g. TestE2EFullIntegration)
provide the coverage, so there are no explicit changes to the
integration tests themselves in this commit.
- this allows the oidc upsream watcher to honor the
HTTP_PROXY,HTTPS_PROXY,NO_PROXY environment variables
Co-authored-by: Christian Ang <angc@vmware.com>
We want the value of time.Now() to be calculated before the call to
IssueClientCertPEM to prevent the ExpirationTimestamp from being
later than the notAfter timestamp on the issued certificate.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
Before this change, we used the `fosite.DefaultOpenIDConnectClient{}` struct, which implements the `fosite.Client` and `fosite.OpenIDConnectClient` interfaces. For a future change, we also need to implement some additional optional interfaces, so we can no longer use the provided default types. Instead, we now use a custom `clientregistry.Client{}` struct, which implements all the requisite interfaces and can be extended to handle the new functionality (in a future change).
There is also a new `clientregistry.StaticRegistry{}` struct, which implements the `fosite.ClientManager` and looks up our single static client. We could potentially extend this in the future with a registry backed by Kubernetes API, for example.
This should be 100% refactor, with no user-observable change.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
This change updates the impersonator to always authorize every
request instead of relying on the Kuberentes API server to perform
the check on the impersonated request. This protects us from
scenarios where we fail to correctly impersonate the user due to
some bug in our proxy logic. We still rely completely on the API
server to perform admission checks on the impersonated requests.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
This change updates the impersonation proxy code to run as a
distinct service account that only has permission to impersonate
identities. Thus any future vulnerability that causes the
impersonation headers to be dropped will fail closed instead of
escalating to the concierge's default service account which has
significantly more permissions.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
WithImpersonation already deletes impersonation headers and has done
so since the early days:
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/36769
ensureNoImpersonationHeaders will still reject any request that has
impersonation headers set so we will always fail closed.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
When anonymous authentication is disabled, the impersonation proxy
will no longer authenticate anonymous requests other than calls to
the token credential request API (this API is used to retrieve
credentials and thus must be accessed anonymously).
Signed-off-by: Benjamin A. Petersen <ben@benjaminapetersen.me>
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
When a CredentialIssuer is switched from one service type to another (or switched to disabled mode), the `impersonatorconfig` controller will delete the previous Service, if any. Normally one Concierge pod will succeed to delete this initially and any other pods will see a NotFound error.
Before this change, the NotFound would bubble up and cause the strategy to enter a ErrorDuringSetup status until the next reconcile loop. We now handle this case without reporting an error.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
The new version has different behavior for the `nonce` claim, which is now omitted if it would be empty (see https://github.com/ory/fosite/pull/570).
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
These are tricky because a real load balancer controller (e.g., on GKE) will overwrite and set NodePort, so we can't blindly set the desired state of this fields.
For now, we will just skip reconciling these. In the future, we could be more clever about merging them together with the current state.
Signed-off-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
If the only thing that has changed about a strategy is the LastUpdated timestamp, then we should not update the object.
Signed-off-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
This is to allow the use of binary LDAP entry attributes as the UID.
For example, a user might like to configure AD’s objectGUID or maybe
objectSid attributes as the UID attribute.
This negatively impacts the readability of the UID when it did not come
from a binary value, but we're considering this an okay trade-off to
keep things simple for now. In the future, we may offer more
customizable encoding options for binary attributes.
These UIDs are currently only used in the downstream OIDC `sub` claim.
They do not effect the user's identity on the Kubernetes cluster,
which is only based on their mapped username and group memberships from
the upstream identity provider. We are not currently supporting any
special encoding for those username and group name LDAP attributes, so
their values in the LDAP entry must be ASCII or UTF-8 in order for them
to be interpreted correctly.
This updates the code to use a different mechanism for driving desired state:
- Read existing object
- If it does not exist, create desired object
- If it does exist, make a copy and set all the desired fields
- Do a deepequal to see if an update is necessary.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
We also no longer need an initial event, since we don't do anything unless the CredentialIssuer exists, so we'll always be triggered at the appropriate time.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
This type of field appears in more than one of our APIs, so this package will provide a single source of truth for validating and parsing inputs.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
- Automatically try to fall back to using StartTLS when using TLS
doesn't work. Only complain when both don't work.
- Remember (in-memory) which one worked and keeping using that one
in the future (unless the pod restarts).
- This enhances our LDAP client code to make it possible to optionally
dial an LDAP server without TLS and then use StartTLS to upgrade
the connection to TLS.
- The controller for LDAPIdentityProviders is not using this option
yet. That will come in a future commit.
Previously, our controllers would automatically create a CredentialIssuer with a singleton name. The helpers we had for this also used "raw" client access and did not take advantage of the informer cache pattern.
With this change, the CredentialIssuer is always created at install time in the ytt YAML. The controllers now only update the existing CredentialIssuer status, and they do so using the informer cache as much as possible.
This change is targeted at only the kubecertagent controller to start. The impersonatorconfig controller will be updated in a following PR along with other changes.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
Reflect the upstream group membership into the Supervisor's
downstream tokens, so they can be added to the user's
identity on the workload clusters.
LDAP group search is configurable on the
LDAPIdentityProvider resource.
See RFC6648 which asks that people stop using `X-` on header names.
Also Matt preferred not mentioning "IDP" in the header name.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
This change makes it easier to understand misconfigurations caused
by issuers with extraneous trailing slashes.
Signed-off-by: Mo Khan <mok@vmware.com>
to avoid garbage collection breaking the refresh flow
Also changed the access token lifetime to be 2 minutes instead of 15
since we now have cert caching.
The supervisor treats all events the same hence it must use a
singleton queue.
Updated the integration test to remove the data race caused by
calling methods on testing.T outside of the main test go routine.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
Followup on the previous comment to split apart the ServiceAccount of the kube-cert-agent and the main concierge pod. This is a bit cleaner and ensures that in testing our main Concierge pod never requires any privileged permissions.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
Since 0dfb3e95c5, we no longer directly create the kube-cert-agent Pod, so our "use"
permission on PodSecurityPolicies no longer has the intended effect. Since the deployments controller is now the
one creating pods for us, we need to get the permission on the PodSpec of the target pod instead, which we do somewhat
simply by using the same service account as the main Concierge pods.
We still set `automountServiceAccountToken: false`, so this should not actually give any useful permissions to the
agent pod when running.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
- And perform auto-discovery when the flags are not set
- Several TODOs remain which will be addressed in the next commit
Signed-off-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
This change updates the impersonator logic to pass through requests
that authenticated via a bearer token that asserts a UID. This
allows us to support service account tokens (as well as any other
form of token based authentication).
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
This controller is responsible for cleaning up kube-cert-agent pods that were deployed by previous versions.
They are easily identified because they use a different `kube-cert-agent.pinniped.dev` label compared to the new agent pods (`true` vs. `v2`).
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
This is a relatively large rewrite of much of the kube-cert-agent controllers. Instead of managing raw Pod objects, they now create a single Deployment and let the builtin k8s controller handle it from there.
This reduces the amount of code we need and should handle a number of edge cases better, especially those where a Pod becomes "wedged" and needs to be recreated.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
- Make PINNIPED_TEST_LDAP_LDAPS_CA_BUNDLE optional for integration tests
- When there is no CA bundle provided, be careful to use nil instead of
an empty bundle, because nil means to use the OS defaults
Now that we have the fix from https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/97693, we no longer need these sleeps.
The underlying authenticator initialization is still asynchronous, but should happen within a few milliseconds.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
This change updates the impersonator logic to use the delegated
authorizer for all non-rest verbs such as impersonate. This allows
it to correctly perform authorization checks for incoming requests
that set impersonation headers while not performing unnecessary
checks that are already handled by KAS.
The audit layer is enabled to track the original user who made the
request. This information is then included in a reserved extra
field original-user-info.impersonation-proxy.concierge.pinniped.dev
as a JSON blob.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
Also force the LDAP server pod to restart whenever the LDIF file
changes, so whenever you redeploy the tools deployment with a new test
user password the server will be updated.
Unfortunately, Secrets do not seem to have a Generation field, so we
use the ResourceVersion field instead. This means that any change to
the Secret will cause us to retry the connection to the LDAP server,
even if the username and password fields in the Secret were not
changed. Seems like an okay trade-off for this early draft of the
controller compared to a more complex implementation.
This early version of the controller is not intended to act as an
ongoing health check for your upstream LDAP server. It will connect
to the LDAP server to essentially "lint" your configuration once.
It will do it again only when you change your configuration. To account
for transient errors, it will keep trying to connect to the server
until it succeeds once.
This commit does not include looking for changes in the associated bind
user username/password Secret.
- Bad usernames and passwords aren't really errors, since they are
based on end-user input.
- Other kinds of authentication failures are caused by bad configuration
so still treat those as errors.
- Empty usernames and passwords are already prevented by our endpoint
handler, but just to be safe make sure they cause errors inside the
authenticator too.
- The unit tests for upstreamldap.Provider need to mock the LDAP server,
so add an integration test which allows us to get fast feedback for
this code against a real LDAP server.
- Automatically wrap the user search filter in parenthesis if it is not
already wrapped in parens.
- More special handling for using "dn" as the username or UID attribute
name.
- Also added some more comments to types_ldapidentityprovider.go.tmpl
- The ldap_upstream_watcher.go controller validates the bind secret and
uses the Conditions to report errors. Shares some condition reporting
logic with its sibling controller oidc_upstream_watcher.go, to the
extent which is convenient without generics in golang.
- When the upstream IDP is an LDAP IDP and the user's LDAP username and
password are received as new custom headers, then authenticate the
user and, if authentication was successful, return a redirect with
an authcode. Handle errors according to the OAuth/OIDC specs.
- Still does not support having multiple upstream IDPs defined at the
same time, which was an existing limitation of this endpoint.
- Does not yet include the actual LDAP authentication, which is
hidden behind an interface from the point of view of auth_handler.go
- Move the oidctestutil package to the testutil directory.
- Add an interface for Fosite storage to avoid a cyclical test
dependency.
- Add GetURL() to the UpstreamLDAPIdentityProviderI interface.
- Extract test helpers to be shared between callback_handler_test.go
and auth_handler_test.go because the authcode and fosite storage
assertions should be identical.
- Backfill Content-Type assertions in callback_handler_test.go.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
Instead of using the LongRunningFunc to determine if we can safely
use http2, follow the same logic as the aggregation proxy and only
use http2 when the request is not an upgrade.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
When the frontend connection to our proxy is closed, the proxy falls through to
a panic(), which means the HTTP handler goroutine is killed, so we were not
seeing this log statement.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
We were previously issuing both client certs and server certs with
both extended key usages included. Split the Issue*() methods into
separate methods for issuing server certs versus client certs so
they can have different extended key usages tailored for each use
case.
Also took the opportunity to clean up the parameters of the Issue*()
methods and New() methods to more closely match how we prefer to call
them. We were always only passing the common name part of the
pkix.Name to New(), so now the New() method just takes the common name
as a string. When making a server cert, we don't need to set the
deprecated common name field, so remove that param. When making a client
cert, we're always making it in the format expected by the Kube API
server, so just accept the username and group as parameters directly.
The impersonator_test.go unit test now starts the impersonation
server and makes real HTTP requests against it using client-go.
It is backed by a fake Kube API server.
The CA IssuePEM() method was missing the argument to allow a slice
of IP addresses to be passed in.
To make an impersonation request, first make a TokenCredentialRequest
to get a certificate. That cert will either be issued by the Kube
API server's CA or by a new CA specific to the impersonator. Either
way, you can then make a request to the impersonator and present
that client cert for auth and the impersonator will accept it and
make the impesonation call on your behalf.
The impersonator http handler now borrows some Kube library code
to handle request processing. This will allow us to more closely
mimic the behavior of a real API server, e.g. the client cert
auth will work exactly like the real API server.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
This makes output that's easier to copy-paste into the test. We could also make it ignore the order of key/value pairs in the future.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
All controller unit tests were accidentally using a timeout context
for the informers, instead of a cancel context which stays alive until
each test is completely finished. There is no reason to risk
unpredictable behavior of a timeout being reached during an individual
test, even though with the previous 3 second timeout it could only be
reached on a machine which is running orders of magnitude slower than
usual, since each test usually runs in about 100-300 ms. Unfortunately,
sometimes our CI workers might get that slow.
This sparked a review of other usages of timeout contexts in other
tests, and all of them were increased to a minimum value of 1 minute,
under the rule of thumb that our tests will be more reliable on slow
machines if they "pass fast and fail slow".
In impersonator_config_test.go, instead of waiting for the resource
version to appear in the informers, wait for the actual object to
appear.
This is an attempt to resolve flaky failures that only happen in CI,
but it also cleans up the test a bit by avoiding inventing fake resource
version numbers all over the test.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
- Use `Eventually` when making tls connections because the production
code's handling of starting and stopping the TLS server port
has some async behavior.
- Don't use resource version "0" because that has special meaning
in the informer libraries.
This updates our issuerconfig.UpdateStrategy to sort strategies according to a weighted preference.
The TokenCredentialRequest API strategy is preffered, followed by impersonation proxy, followed by any other unknown types.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
- This commit does not include the updates that we plan to make to
the `status.strategies[].frontend` field of the CredentialIssuer.
That will come in a future commit.
This is more than an automatic merge. It also includes a rewrite of the CredentialIssuer API impersonation proxy fields using the new structure, and updates to the CLI to account for that new API.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
These controllers were a bit inconsistent. There were cases where the controllers ran out of the expected order and the custom labels might not have been applied.
We should still plan to remove this label handling or move responsibility into the middleware layer, but this avoids any regression.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
- The CA cert will end up in the end user's kubeconfig on their client
machine, so if it changes they would need to fetch the new one and
update their kubeconfig. Therefore, we should avoid changing it as
much as possible.
- Now the controller writes the CA to a different Secret. It writes both
the cert and the key so it can reuse them to create more TLS
certificates in the future.
- For now, it only needs to make more TLS certificates if the old
TLS cert Secret gets deleted or updated to be invalid. This allows
for manual rotation of the TLS certs by simply deleting the Secret.
In the future, we may want to implement some kind of auto rotation.
- For now, rotation of both the CA and TLS certs will also happen if
you manually delete the CA Secret. However, this would cause the end
users to immediately need to get the new CA into their kubeconfig,
so this is not as elegant as a normal rotation flow where you would
have a window of time where you have more than one CA.
Also update concierge_impersonation_proxy_test.go integration test
to use real TLS when calling the impersonator.
Signed-off-by: Ryan Richard <richardry@vmware.com>
These are prone to breaking when stdr is upgraded because they rely on the exact ordering of keys in the log message. If we have more problems we can rewrite the assertions to be more robust, but for this time I'm just fixing them to match the new output.
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
Also:
- Changed base64 encoding of impersonator bearer tokens to use
`base64.StdEncoding` to make it easier for users to manually
create a token using the unix `base64` command
- Test the headers which are and are not passed through to the Kube API
by the impersonator more carefully in the unit tests
- More WIP on concierge_impersonation_proxy_test.go
Signed-off-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
This change adds a new virtual aggregated API that can be used by
any user to echo back who they are currently authenticated as. This
has general utility to end users and can be used in tests to
validate if authentication was successful.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
This is a more reliable way to determine whether the load balancer
is already running.
Also added more unit tests for the load balancer.
Signed-off-by: Ryan Richard <richardry@vmware.com>
If someone has already set impersonation headers in their request, then
we should fail loudly so the client knows that its existing impersonation
headers will not work.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
- Watch a configmap to read the configuration of the impersonation
proxy and reconcile it.
- Implements "auto" mode by querying the API for control plane nodes.
- WIP: does not create a load balancer or proper TLS certificates yet.
Those will come in future commits.
Signed-off-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
This is a partial revert of 288d9c999e. For some reason it didn't occur to me
that we could do it this way earlier. Whoops.
This also contains a middleware update: mutation funcs can return an error now
and short-circuit the rest of the request/response flow. The idea here is that
if someone is configuring their kubeclient to use middleware, they are agreeing
to a narrow-er client contract by doing so (e.g., their TokenCredentialRequest's
must have an Spec.Authenticator.APIGroup set).
I also updated some internal/groupsuffix tests to be more realistic.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
I added that test helper to create an http.Request since I wanted to properly
initialize the http.Request's context.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
This allows us to keep all of our resources in the pinniped category
while not having kubectl return errors for calls such as:
kubectl get pinniped -A
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
When the Pinniped server has been installed with the `api_group_suffix`
option, for example using `mysuffix.com`, then clients who would like to
submit a `TokenCredentialRequest` to the server should set the
`Spec.Authenticator.APIGroup` field as `authentication.concierge.mysuffix.com`.
This makes more sense from the client's point of view than using the
default `authentication.concierge.pinniped.dev` because
`authentication.concierge.mysuffix.com` is the name of the API group
that they can observe their cluster and `authentication.concierge.pinniped.dev`
does not exist as an API group on their cluster.
This commit includes both the client and server-side changes to make
this work, as well as integration test updates.
Co-authored-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Richard <richardry@vmware.com>
Co-authored-by: Margo Crawford <margaretc@vmware.com>
This makes sure that if our clients ever send types with the wrong
group, the server will refuse to decode it.
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
- I realized that the hardcoded fakekubeapi 404 not found response was invalid,
so we were getting a default error message. I fixed it so the tests follow a
higher fidelity code path.
- I caved and added a test for making sure the request body was always closed,
and believe it or not, we were double closing a body. I don't *think* this will
matter in production, since client-go will pass us ioutil.NopReader()'s, but
at least we know now.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
Yes, this is a huge commit.
The middleware allows you to customize the API groups of all of the
*.pinniped.dev API groups.
Some notes about other small things in this commit:
- We removed the internal/client package in favor of pkg/conciergeclient. The
two packages do basically the same thing. I don't think we use the former
anymore.
- We re-enabled cluster-scoped owner assertions in the integration tests.
This code was added in internal/ownerref. See a0546942 for when this
assertion was removed.
- Note: the middlware code is in charge of restoring the GV of a request object,
so we should never need to write mutations that do that.
- We updated the supervisor secret generation to no longer manually set an owner
reference to the deployment since the middleware code now does this. I think we
still need some way to make an initial event for the secret generator
controller, which involves knowing the namespace and the name of the generated
secret, so I still wired the deployment through. We could use a namespace/name
tuple here, but I was lazy.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Keesler <akeesler@vmware.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Richard <richardry@vmware.com>
This reverts commit 4a28d1f800.
This commit was originally made to fix a bug that caused TokenCredentialRequest
to become slow when the server was idle for an extended period of time. This was
to address a Kubernetes issue that was fixed in 1.19.5 and onward. We are now
running with Kubernetes 1.20, so we should be able to pick up this fix.
This change updates our clients to always set an owner ref when:
1. The operation is a create
2. The object does not already have an owner ref set
Signed-off-by: Monis Khan <mok@vmware.com>
- JWKSWriterController
- JWKSObserverController
- FederationDomainSecretsController for HMAC keys
- FederationDomainSecretsController for state signature key
- FederationDomainSecretsController for state encryption key
Signed-off-by: Ryan Richard <richardry@vmware.com>
- Only sync on add/update of secrets in the same namespace which
have the "storage.pinniped.dev/garbage-collect-after" annotation, and
also during a full resync of the informer whenever secrets in the
same namespace with that annotation exist.
- Ignore deleted secrets to avoid having this controller trigger itself
unnecessarily when it deletes a secret. This controller is never
interested in deleted secrets, since its only job is to delete
existing secrets.
- No change to the self-imposed rate limit logic. That still applies
because secrets with this annotation will be created and updated
regularly while the system is running (not just during rare system
configuration steps).
We stared at this very carefully and we don't think there are any structural changes. Maybe something small happened to get the RNG off by one?
Signed-off-by: Matt Moyer <moyerm@vmware.com>
